Iglesia de San Pedro Apóstol

Plaza San Pedro, 1. 23650, Úbeda How to get

Possibly built on an old mosque, it was one of the primitive (the third in antiquity) Parishes of the City, as evidenced by the lawsuit maintained after the Reconquest of Úbeda, between the Bishop of Baeza, Fray Domingo, and Don Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada, Archbishop of Toledo, for the legal possession of it.

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Its west door being blinded, between 1605 and 1615, while Don Sancho Dávila was in the Episcopal See of Jaén, its current south portal was erected, whose traces Alonso de Barba, surveyor and main disciple of Andrés de Vandelvira, must deal with.

This portal is composed, in its first body, by free-standing Corinthian columns in front of retropilasters, a semicircular arch with a vegetal key and relief of virtues in the spandrels.

The second, after the entablature, is made up of Ionic columns-retropilasters (following the orthodox scheme of classicism), which embrace an idealized theme of serliana or Palladian hollow, in whose central hollow the free image of the holder is installed. On both sides the episcopal arms of its promoter.

Also, in the first decade of this century, the conditions for making the bell tower -then ruined and inexplicably displaced nowadays after its unfortunate restoration- were signed by the master Pedro de Ortiz, the work being executed by various masonry masters , among which was Juan de Bayona.

The interior of its factory, remodeled on multiple occasions, currently has a single hall nave, covered by a barrel vault and a lowered dome in its presbytery.

It is one of the oldest parishes in the city. It was rebuilt in the last third of the 14th century (after the destruction of Pero Gil), leaving few remains of the previous 13th century factory, such as the semicircular apse.

It has subsequently undergone several interventions, highlighting the one on the Renaissance façade from 1605, built by Vandelvira's disciple Alonso de Barba, under the Bishop of Jaén Sancho Dávila (1605-1615).

It was probably a mosque converted to Christian worship after the Reconquest, being a parish -dependent on the jurisdiction of the archdiocese of Toledo in the 13th century- until in the middle of the 19th century it was added to the church of Santa María.

Exterior: The main portal consists of two sections, the lower one centered by a semicircular arch with Corinthian columns on the sides and retropilasters; in the spandrels we see the reliefs of two virtues, faith and charity. Above the entablature is a second floor of the Ionic order, whose central hollow houses the seated image of the titular saint. On both sides there are two large shields of the sponsor bishop, all topped by pyramidal pinnacles. It is a cover that repeats Renaissance patterns.

The west portal, with a semicircular arch, was blinded when the choir was built -it is straight, of ancient protogothic constructions-.

The bell tower, from the same period as the main portal, is simple and consists of a cubic body with four openings for the body of bells. Currently it does not occupy its original location.

The apse externally has stepped pillars and multi-lobed arches, protogothic remains of the old 13th century factory.

Interior: Its interior has been rebuilt on several occasions. It currently has a single nave covered by a barrel vault with side chapels, most of which are Gothic.

The apse is polygonal with pointed openings.

It has a great historical value, as it was one of the parishes into which the medieval city was divided, in which the Renaissance interest of later centuries can be appreciated for transforming the external appearance, through the construction of facades on the medieval temples.