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Description
Municipality located to the north of the region of La Loma, between extensive and fertile olive fields. Its term is essentially agricultural, the olive tree being the main crop. It should be noted that, in recent years, 85% of land of the farm have irrigation.
The Rus economy is based on olive cultivation, Almazara industry and textile industry, very rooted in the town. The proximity and good road communication with Ubeda and Linares means that trade and care activities are derived to these municipalities.
In its municipal term is the Local Autonomous entity of El Marmol.
From its historical heritage we highlight: The Parish Church of Our Lady of the Assumption, the Arab Torreon of Rus and the Palecanal Oratory of Valdecanas.
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Culture
- The Parish of Our Lady of the Assumption: Built between 1565 and 1576. The building responds to the premises of the school of Vandelvira: centralized plant, predominance of vaulted vaults and flat tester to which you can access through a dental arc. The author introduced Mannerist compositional elements, especially on the covers, with initial Renaissance design. The inner space is divided into three ships, divided in turn into two sections, by cylindrical pillars of a dórico-Tuscan order raised on a square base and flat presbytery integrated into the central ship. The various sections of the ships are covered with vaults vaulted on half-point arches with an attractive decorated of plaster. He was doing three facades outside. The main one made in the quarry and framed by great contrasts, consists of a half-point arch, Tuscan columns and smooth fronton. The other cover keeps the same scheme, but easier. On the third facade is the tower of the bell tower, it is square and exhibits the shield of Bishop Sancho Dávila. It has been restored in the mid-20th century. The monument has been declared Good of Cultural Interest in 2009.
- Rus Arab Torreon: From the castle - the Arab fortress of the 13th century Rus, which probably had a triangular plant, with a turret in each vertex, only one of them is preserved. It is of masonry, with 12m of perimeter and its holes are made up of saetries and drains. Until a few years ago, remains of which it would be the third of the torreons on which the entrance door should be. It was declared Historical Monument in 1985.
- Palrestre oratorium of Valdecanas: The rock oratorio of Valdecanas, located a few km from the population, dates from the Visigoda period. It is built between the 6th and 7th centuries, and is the only visiotic hipigee in the southern peninsular. The set consists of three caves excavated in the rock. The main facade, carved in a talud, has a long blind arcade with horseshoe arches and eardrums decorated with pallets of classical tradition, all carved in the talud of the terrain. Inside we find a three-ship chapel with barrel vaults on square pilasters. The other two caves were to serve one as the residence of the monks who inhabited the oratory and the other possibly as Baptistery. It was declared Good of Cultural Interest in 1970.It has recently been located another place of worship or visible cenobium in the municipal term Rus called "Cave of the Veguilla."
- City Council: Located in the Plaza de la Constitución, the City Hall, a building of the 20th century silery, with a classic air, is built with a door flanked by pilassas, intellized and recercated holes. In the upper part of the building, you can observe the shield of the municipality.
Nature
Rus, located in the region of La Loma and south of the Guadalimar River, with an average altitude of 590 m and an extension of 47 km2 He is a clear representative of this Jienese region.
The landscape that is presented to us when we are located in the lands of Rus is really spectacular, a real olive sea, the most representative image of La Loma jienense. The promontories are low and the earrings are soft. Some small areas are reserved for the cultivation of cereals. In the areas near the Guadalimar the vegetation changes by what we know as the riverbank forest: willows, alms and low bushes.
Because of its privileged location, Rus has interesting natural environments that are worth discovering. The framework around it is truly striking: to the north Sierra MorenaSouth Sierra Magina and to the east the Serra de Cazorla, Segura and Las Villas.
Among the areas of most natural interest in its term are:
- The Lambra. It is a place to the north of the municipal term, near the Giribola swamp, an ideal place to enjoy a day of countryside. From this place you can see the swamp of Giridance, The caves, Giribola Castle and the municipality of Vilches. There are some corijos such as: La Lambra, Mirabuenos, La Colonia and la Casería. The soil is limestone and reddish, and the vegetation that covers it is typically Mediterranean with species such as the oak, lentils, retama, olive thyme and sparraguera.
- Pantano de Giribola. This swamp collects the waters of the Guadalimar River and belongs to the Guadalquivir basin. A swamp that affects the municipal terms of Ibros, Vilches, Rus, Canena, Ubeda, Navas de San Juan, Sabiote in the skirts of the natural area La Lambra.
To the many species that live in the olive tree, some as emblematic as the abubilla, brown chotocabra, coal, pale aguilucho, ash aguilucho, we have to add mammals such as the fox, the rabbit, the gin or the deer. Without forgetting the birds that feed on the olive tree in their long migratory movements through the peninsula, a nutritious food that will help them to restore strength.
Parties and Events
Many parties are held, but there are two traditions that stand out above the others.: San Blas and the Fiesta de Mozos.
- Saint Anton on January 16 and 17. It's one of the tradition parties in Rus. The celebration of the "San Antón Holes," on the night of January 16, the tortillas of San Antón and chocolate, the churros and the traditional "morning cigarettes." On the 17th day of St. Anton, a Eucharist is celebrated in his honor and then the animals who come with their owners are blessed.
- San Blas: 2, 3 and 4 February. The party begins on day two with the fire of the Candelaria in the City Hall square. In this bonfire, you will be burned, you will cut off and bring to the people the brothers of Saint Blas. On the third day, the big day begins at 8: 00 in the morning with the Diana Floreada. The municipal music band accompanied by the brothers of San Blas throwing rockets, they go around the village. Later the Mass is held in honor of the Holy and the distribution of the doughnuts. Once finished, San Blas is processed through the streets accompanied by the Rusigns. At night fireworks. The party will end on the fourth day with the "Races"(reels)) And the Great Trach.
- Fiesta de Mozos: On the third Sunday of September, the Feast of the Mozos is celebrated, which has its origin in an epidemic of bubonic plague that ravaged the village and decimated the local children. It tells the tradition that in order to fight it the neighbors took out the Most Holy Sacrament in procession and the sick began to recover. To commemorate the prodigy each year the Most Holy is processed. Then, the village is full of masks and the neighbors are ready to enjoy a kind of carnival as a summer epilogo. These are three days of authentic popular party in which the rudenians go out to express their ingenuity, their mockery or criticism. Just have fun.Declared Feast of Tourist Interest of Andalusia.This is certainly an atypical and extraordinary party.
Gastronomy
- Rus filling:Great meatball that results from burying in the pig's stomach, a pickle of products made with his meat, sanded with spices, bread grated, hard egg chopped and parsley. Once sewn the albondidon is left to boil in the broth of the cooked.
- Bread crumbs: made of bread, garlic, green peppers, olive oil, salt, water, Rus chorizo, bacon and toasted. They can be accompanied by olives, grapes, melon, sardines...
- Mower soup: with tomato, onion, garlic, water, salt, vinegar, olive oil and bread.
- Wink with hare: red pepper saffrito, green pepper, onion, garlic, laurel, olive oil, pepper, white wine, vegetables and hare. All flavoured with peppermint. For the dough, flour and water.
- Rabbit to the garlic, cod peas, oil hole, piirrana....
Other:
- Papajotes: Mass made of eggs, milk, sugar. It's cold in olive oil.
- Rus-style sweet stickers: needed, milk, flour, cinnamon sugar powder, matalahúva, water, some bread and olive oil.
- Tortillas de San Antón, Roscos Fritos, Empanadillas de hasta de angel, Rosquillo de vino....
History
According to some sources, Rus is the former Ruradensis Republic of 202, the time of the Roman Emperor Marco Aurelio, although there may have been an Iberian core before.
In addition to the two oratorios or cenobia, the Valdecanals and the Cave of the Veguilla, ceramic remains have been found extended by the term, which makes us imagine that there was a core population.
Although it does not appear in the chronicles, it is assumed that the town passed to the hands of Fernando III, at the same time as the rest of the region, around 1226. At that time he became a member of the Order of Calatrava and the jurisdiction of Baeza until 1628, when by the privilege of Philip IV he was separated and converted into a village of realingo.
Rus is known to have participated in the Battle of the Salty in 1340.
Property with bars, balconies and shields from the 18th and 19th centuries are preserved.
In 1886 he incorporated into his municipality the anejo of El Mármol, former lordship of the secretary of Philip II, Juan Vázquez de Salazar.
Other information
El Mármol is an entity of a territorial area below the municipality of Rus.
He was a lordship from 1577, until the Cortes of Cadiz suppressed them. It is set up as an independent city council in the 19th century, but the accumulation of debt causes its inhabitants to ask the Provincial Council for its annexation to Rus, which happened in 1886.
It has a rich historical heritage made up of:
- Castle of the Canalejas: Christian work of the 13th century. Only one cylindrical tower is preserved. It was declared Good of Cultural Interest in 1985.
- The Church of Our Lady of Peace of the late 16th century.
- The Portada: cover of an 18th century house with a shield of the Order of Calatrava.
- The town hall 1798 Marble.
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